Ulangan dan pindaan

 

Seronok pulak membaca mengenai Turkmenistan. Ketika era pemerintahan presiden pertama Turkmenistan beliau suka menama sesuatu dengan keluarga beliau atau yang ada kena mengena dengan beliau. Presiden pernah menukar nama bulan dalan kalendar mengganti Januari, Feb, March dan lainnya. 

Januari tukar kepada 'Turkmenbashi' iaitu salah satu gelaran rasmi kepada Presiden. Bulan April jadi 'Gurbansoltan' iaitu nama emak Presiden. Bulan Mei tukar kepada 'Magtymguly' iaitu nama tokoh spiritual yang menjadi guru inspirasi kepada beliau. September tukar nama kepada 'Ruhnama' iaitu nama buku propaganda tulisan Presiden. Ruhnama itu dalam bahasa Inggerisnya Book of Soul.

Selain kalendar Presiden juga menukar nama benda. Sebagai contoh roti (atau bread) dalam bahasa Turkmenistan dipanggil corek. Semasa pemerintahan Presiden pertama berkenaan beliau menukar corek kepada nama ibunya, Gurbansoltan.

Selepas kematian Presiden pertama naik pula pengganti beliau memegang jawatan presiden. Kemudiannya Presiden kedua ini bertindak menukar semula nama bulan dalam kalendar kepada yang asal. Roti juga tidak lagi dipanggil Gurbansoltan. Ia kembali kepada corek.

Nama Benda Pilihan Turkmenistan

Seronok pulak membaca mengenai Turkmenistan. Ketika era pemerintahan presiden pertama Turkmenistan, Saparmurat Niyazov, beliau suka menama sesuatu dengan keluarga beliau atau yang ada kena mengena dengan beliau. Niyazov pernah menukar nama bulan dalan kalendar mengganti Januari, Feb, March dan lainnya. 

Januari tukar kepada 'Turkmenbashi' iaitu salah satu gelaran rasmi kepada Niyazov. Bulan April jadi 'Gurbansoltan' iaitu nama emak Niyazov. Bulan Mei tukar kepada 'Magtymguly' iaitu nama tokoh spiritual yang menjadi guru inspirasi kepada Niyazov. September tukar nama kepada 'Ruhnama' iaitu nama buku propaganda tulisan Niyazov. Ruhnama itu dalam bahasa Inggerisnya Book of Soul.

Selain kalendar Niyazov juga menukar nama benda. Sebagai contoh roti (atau bread) dalam bahasa Turkmenistan dipanggil corek. Semasa pemerintahan Niyazov beliau menukar corek kepada nama ibunya, Gurbansoltan.

Selepas kematian Niyazov naik pula Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow memegang jawatan Presiden. Berdimuhamedow kemudiannya bertindak menukar semula nama bulan dalam kalendar kepada yang asal. Roti juga tidak lagi dipanggil Gurbansoltan. Ia kembali kepada corek.

Statue of Gurbansoltan Eje with her son, Saparmyrat Nyýazow

[sumber - link]

Carpet Day Turkmenistan

Selain Melon Day Turkmenistan juga menyambut Carpet Day. Sambutan Carpet Day adala pada hari Ahad minggu akhir bulan Mei. Sambutan tersebuat menunjukkan pentingnya dan hebatnya industri karpet sana.

Petikan - link:

Carpet Day is observed annually in Turkmenistan on the last Sunday of May to honour the Turkmen artisans who hand-weave these remarkable textiles. Carpet making is closely intertwined with the culture and history of Turkmenistan and carpet weaving is extremely important to the national economy. Traditional Turkmen carpet patterns are even depicted on the national flag and emblem of Turkmenistan, and contain significant symbolic meaning for the Turkmen people. During this lecture, visitors had an opportunity to not only learn about the rich cultural history of carpet weaving, but to also see handmade Turkmen rugs.

Baca sama:

turkmen-carpet-holiday-was-celebrated-our-homeland. turkmenistan dot gov - link.

Turkmen carpet

advantour dot com - link

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Melon Day Turkmenistan

Masih mengenai Turkmenistan. Ada satu sambutan nama Melon Day di sana. Melon Day di sambut pada hari Ahad minggu kedua bulan Ogos. Ada berbagai jenis melon terdapat di Turkmenistan. Sampai empat ratus jenis melon katanya. Antara melon yang terkenal adalah Gurbek melon dan melon jenis Gulyabi seperti Ak Gulyabi dan Kyzyl Gulyabi.

Baca sama:

wiki melon day - link.

Gurbek melon - specialty produce dot com (link).

Land incredibly sweet melons. turkmenistan dot gov (link).

Berbagai jenis melon Turkmenistan

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Gurbek Melon

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Mengenai Sekatan Somalia dan Chad

Kenapa mereka dikena sekatan travel? Somalia, Chad, Eritrea dan Libya.

Petikan cnn - link:

Mengenai Somalia - The White House said Somalia had been identified as a “terrorist safe haven,” led by a government that lacks “command and control of its territory”.

The White House has also had a frosty relationship with Chad, which demanded the removal of American troops from its territory last year, as well as with Eritrea, whose military the Biden administration accused in 2023 of committing war crimes during a conflict in northern Ethiopia.

Similar reprimands have been made by the US State Department against state and non-state actors in Libya, which it accused of committing crimes against humanity.

Apa pula respon Chad?

The President of Chad, Mahamat Idriss Deby Itno, said that he had told his government to “act in accordance with the principles of reciprocity” by suspending visas to citizens of the United States. “Chad has no planes to offer, no billions of dollars to give but Chad has his dignity and pride,” he added.

Sebuah masjid di Adelaide

Adelaide, the capital of South Australia, was named after Queen Adelaide, the wife of King William IV of the United Kingdom. The city was established in 1836.

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Sekatan Travel Amerika

Presiden Amerika umum menyekat kedatangan pelancung beberapa negara seperti berikut;

Afghanistan, Chad, the Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Haiti, Iran, Libya, Myanmar, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen, and a partial travel ban on people from Burundi, Cuba, Laos, Sierra Leone, Togo, Turkmenistan, and Venezuela.

Petikan cnn- link:

The 12 countries targeted – plus seven more, which face partial restrictions – are mostly nations with frosty, adversarial or outwardly antagonistic relations with Washington. Many are either failed states or in the throes of repressive rule, and some are governed by groups that took control after years of US involvement in their affairs.

Seven countries were included because the administration deemed they pose a “high level of risk” to the US: Burundi, Cuba, Laos, Sierra Leone, Togo, Turkmenistan and Venezuela.

Masjid Perodua Rawang

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Genghiz Khan Tawan Khorasan

Tentera Mongol pimpinan Genghiz Khan amat digeruni di masa silam. Mereka berjaya menawan setiap pelusuk yang mereka pernah tiba. Termasuklah wilayah Islam seperti Baghdad ketika di zaman Abbasiah. Begitu juga Khorasan pada kurun ke13.

Ada sebuah kajian oleh pengkaji Uiam mengenai Genghiz Khan menawan Khorasan. Boleh baca hasil kajian bertajuk 'Chinggis Khan and his conquest of Khorasan: Causes and consequences'. Kajian oleh Aniba Israt Ara.

Kandungan:

Rise of Chinggis Khan.

Khorasan in Muslim history.

Chinggis Khan's conquest of Khorasan.

The impact of Chinggis Khan's conquest and 

Sumber uiam - link.

Sebuah masjid warga Bosnia di Frankfurt

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